Question

Explain how mutation drives evolution to occur

Answer 1

Explanation:

Mutations occur at random. Mutations lead to the translation of slightly different proteins, due to the changes in DNA, hence influencing phenotypes. Mutations can, therefore, confer advantage or disadvantage to individuals in a population bearing it. Those mutations that confer an advantage in the environment in the struggle for resources or escaping predation are preserved by natural selection. Those that confer disadvantage are ‘weeded’ out. Mutations act as a base on which natural selection pressures can act on. A population, therefore, will evolve to changes in its environment through mutations and natural selection pressures.

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Answer 2

Answer AND Explanation:

The variations that Darwin regarded as raw materials for the process of evolution have been traced to changes that occur at the gene level or the chromosome and these changes are called mutations. Organisms with beneficial mutations are able to pass them on to their offspring during reproduction. Transmission of such mutations through many generations could lead to the emergence of new species. The emergence of new species requires a long time and is also affected by the rate of mutations that a particular species undergoes. This leads to evolution.