The top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it. Because the contact between the bolt and the pliers working surface is less.
<h3>What is mechanical advantage ?</h3>
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the ratio of output force to input force in a system, it is used to obtained efficiency of the given mechanical machine.
The efficiency to open the stubborn bolt depends upon the contact between the working surface of the pliers and the bolt.
The contact between the bolt and the top pair of pliers working surface is less. Its mechanical advantage is less.
Hence, the top pair of pliers failed to loosen a stubborn bolt, but the bottom pair successfully removed it.
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Answer:
The slope of the graph is what you need. That tells you the speed not the velocity. In order to find the velocity you would also need to know the direction of the motion.
Answer:

Explanation:
The electrostatic potential energy is given by the following formula

Now, we will apply this formula to both cases:

So, the change in the potential energy is

Answer:
Water gets up to the Earth's atmosphere by evaporating from a body of water, which is then they become water vapor. It returns back to the surface by returning back to its water state and falling back down (as rain). The water vapor turns into clouds (clouds are really just water droplets), and when it cannot hold anymore waters, it disperses all the water (by raining).