Variation is number of alleles for the wing color of the peppered moths. The wing color ranges from pure white to pure back.
Selection pressure is predation by birds.
Explanation:
In the wake of the industrial revolution, white-winged peppered moths had a large allelic frequency in the population compared to black-winged peppered moths. However, when the environment changed due to soot produced by industries (making the environment darker) white-winged peppered moths reduced while that of black moths increased.
This is because black moths were able to blend in and camouflage in the dark environment than white-winged peppered moths that stood out to their predators. Black moths, therefore, had an increased chance of reaching adulthood and passing their genes to the next generation. This increased the allelic frequency of black-winged peppered while that of white-winged moths reduced in the population.
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