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Nastasia [14]
4 years ago
15

Stephen spends 10% of his salary on food, 15% of it on transportation, and saves the remaining 2000. what is his salary?

Mathematics
1 answer:
Ber [7]4 years ago
5 0

Answer:

His salary is $2666.68

Step-by-step explanation:

First add the percent of the costs.       10% + 15% = 25%

Then subtract 25% from 100% to find the percentage that 2,000 is of the total salary.                                                           100% - 25% = 75%

$2,000 is 75% of the total salary. Divide 2,000 by three to find the amount of money 25% of the salary is. ( 75% is 3/4 of 100)                                                         2,000 divided by 3 = $666.67

25% of the salary is $666.67

Multiple that by 4 and you get the total salary.

666.67•4= $2666.68

Are you sure those were all the correct numbers because that was not a very nice number at the end there lol but that answer is correct with the numbers you gave me.


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Let's start from what we know.

(1)\qquad\sum\limits_{k=1}^n1=\underbrace{1+1+\ldots+1}_{n}=n\cdot 1=n\\\\\\
(2)\qquad\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk=1+2+3+\ldots+n=\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}\quad\text{(arithmetic  series)}\\\\\\
(3)\qquad\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk\ \textgreater \ 0\quad\implies\quad\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk\right|=\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk

Note that:

\sum\limits_{k=1}^n(-1)^k\cdot k^2=(-1)^1\cdot1^2+(-1)^2\cdot2^2+(-1)^3\cdot3^2+\dots+(-1)^n\cdot n^2=\\\\\\=-1^2+2^2-3^2+4^2-5^2+\dots\pm n^2

(sign of last term will be + when n is even and - when n is odd).
Sum is finite so we can split it into two sums, first S_n^+ with only positive trems (squares of even numbers) and second S_n^- with negative (squares of odd numbers). So:

\sum\limits_{k=1}^n(-1)^k\cdot k^2=S_n^+-S_n^-

And now the proof.

1) n is even.

In this case, both S_n^+ and S_n^- have \dfrac{n}{2} terms. For example if n=8 then:

S_8^+=\underbrace{2^2+4^2+6^2+8^2}_{\frac{8}{2}=4}\qquad\text{(even numbers)}\\\\\\
S_8^-=\underbrace{1^2+3^2+5^2+7^2}_{\frac{8}{2}=4}\qquad\text{(odd numbers)}\\\\\\

Generally, there will be:

S_n^+=\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}(2k)^2\\\\\\S_n^-=\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}(2k-1)^2\\\\\\

Now, calculate our sum:

\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^n(-1)^k\cdot k^2\right|=\left|S_n^+-S_n^-\right|=
\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}(2k)^2-\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}(2k-1)^2\right|=\\\\\\=
\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}4k^2-\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}\left(4k^2-4k+1\right)\right|=\\\\\\

=\left|4\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}k^2-4\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}k^2+4\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}k-\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}1\right|=\left|4\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}k-\sum\limits_{k=1}^\frac{n}{2}1\right|\stackrel{(1),(2)}{=}\\\\\\=
\left|4\dfrac{\frac{n}{2}(\frac{n}{2}+1)}{2}-\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\left|2\cdot\dfrac{n}{2}\left(\dfrac{n}{2}+1\right)-\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\left|n\left(\dfrac{n}{2}+1\right)-\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\\\\\\


=\left|\dfrac{n^2}{2}+n-\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\left|\dfrac{n^2}{2}+\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\left|\dfrac{n^2+n}{2}\right|=\left|\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}\right|\stackrel{(2)}{=}\\\\\\\stackrel{(2)}{=}
\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk\right|\stackrel{(3)}{=}\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk

So in this case we prove, that:

 \left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^n(-1)^k\cdot k^2\right|=\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk

2) n is odd.

Here, S_n^- has more terms than S_n^+. For example if n=7 then:

S_7^-=\underbrace{1^2+3^2+5^2+7^2}_{\frac{n+1}{2}=\frac{7+1}{2}=4}\\\\\\
S_7^+=\underbrace{2^2+4^4+6^2}_{\frac{n+1}{2}-1=\frac{7+1}{2}-1=3}\\\\\\

So there is \dfrac{n+1}{2} terms in S_n^-, \dfrac{n+1}{2}-1 terms in S_n^+ and:

S_n^+=\sum\limits_{k=1}^{\frac{n+1}{2}-1}(2k)^2\\\\\\
S_n^-=\sum\limits_{k=1}^{\frac{n+1}{2}}(2k-1)^2

Now, we can calculate our sum:

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\stackrel{(1),(2)}{=}\left|-4\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{4}+4\dfrac{\frac{n+1}{2}\left(\frac{n+1}{2}+1\right)}{2}-\dfrac{n+1}{2}\right|=\\\\\\

=\left|-n^2-2n-1+2\cdot\dfrac{n+1}{2}\left(\dfrac{n+1}{2}+1\right)-\dfrac{n+1}{2}\right|=\\\\\\=
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\left|-n^2-2n-1+\dfrac{(n+1)^2}{2}+n+1-\dfrac{n+1}{2}\right|=\\\\\\=
\left|-n^2-n+\dfrac{n^2+2n+1}{2}-\dfrac{n+1}{2}\right|=\\\\\\=
\left|-n^2-n+\dfrac{n^2}{2}+n+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{n}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right|=\left|-\dfrac{n^2}{2}-\dfrac{n}{2}\right|=\left|-\dfrac{n^2+n}{2}\right|=\\\\\\

=\left|-\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}\right|=|-1|\cdot\left|\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}\right|=\left|\dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}\right|\stackrel{(2)}{=}\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk\right|\stackrel{(3)}{=}\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk

We consider all possible n so we prove that:

\forall_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\quad\left|\sum\limits_{k=1}^n(-1)^k\cdot k^2\right|=\sum\limits_{k=1}^nk
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