Answer:
D. Selection has led to decreases in the size of fish at the age of reproductive maturity.
Explanation:
The larger body size of the fishes is not an adaptive trait as it reduces the survival chances of these fishes. The process of natural selection tends to increase the frequency of the traits that increase the survival fitness of the organisms. Here, the fishes with smaller body size at the reproductive age have greater chances of survival and would reproduce more to leave more progeny. Over the generations, the selection pressure would increase the proportion of fishes that are smaller during reproductive age.
By using the equation F=ma (Force = Mass*acceleration), the answer is 15,100 N for the first one and 1.25 m/s^2 for the second.
If a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cell would shrink.
Hypertonic solution means that the solution has a lower water potential than the other side (which is the cell's cytoplasm in this case), and by that, water molecules would have a tendency to flow from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential. This movement of water molecules is called osmosis. But note that a semi-permeable membrane (a membrane which can decide what substances can go in and out, the cell membrane is an example) has to be present in osmosis, or else the movement may be regarded as diffusion.
As the water molecules flowed away from the red blood cell cytoplasm, the cell loss so much water that the membrane has nothing much to hold and thus the cell shrinks.
