<span>The high-energy electron travels down an electron transport chain, losing energy as it goes.
Some of the released energy drives pumping of </span><span><span>\text H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions from the stroma into the thylakoid interior, building a gradient.
</span><span><span>H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions from the splitting of water also add to the gradient.
</span><span><span> H^+<span>H<span><span>+</span><span></span></span></span></span>H, start superscript, plus, end superscript</span><span> ions flow down their gradient and into the stroma, they pass through ATP synthase, driving ATP production in a process known as </span>chemiosmosis<span>.</span>
Answer:
The identity of an atom is determined my the number of <u>protons</u>. This is the <u>atomic number</u>.
The particle(s) found inside the nucleus are called <u>protons and neutrons</u>. Their combined mass is referred to as <u>the mass number</u>.
Isotopes have the same number of <u>protons</u>, but different number of <u>neutrons</u>.
The clearer answer is they measure the remaining carbon, and the less that there is the older the fossil is.
(A) Gamma waves have the highest energy
