Two landmark decisions by the U.S. Supreme Court served to confirm the inferred constitutional authority for judicial review in the United States: In 1796, Hylton v. United States was the first case decided by the Supreme Court involving a direct challenge to the constitutionality of an act of Congress, the Carriage Act of 1794 which imposed a "carriage tax".[2]
The Court engaged in the process of judicial review by examining the
plaintiff's claim that the carriage tax was unconstitutional. After
review, the Supreme Court decided the Carriage Act was not
unconstitutional. In 1803, Marbury v. Madison[3]
was the first Supreme Court case where the Court asserted its authority
for judicial review to strike down a law as unconstitutional. At the
end of his opinion in this decision,[4]
Chief Justice John Marshall maintained that the Supreme Court's
responsibility to overturn unconstitutional legislation was a necessary
consequence of their sworn oath of office to uphold the Constitution as
instructed in Article Six of the Constitution.
Each star means all of the 50 states because their are 50 stars. The 13 stripes mean the 13 British colonies that declared their independence from the King of Britain.
Answer:
Aphrodite, ancient Greek goddess of sexual love and beauty, identified with Venus by the Romans.
Explanation:
This question is missing the options. I've found the complete question online. It is a follows:
While watching television, Jason comes across an advertisement on a new soft drink brand. This advertisement reminds him that he is thirsty and wants to buy a beverage. In the context of reinforcement theory, the advertisement
serves as a(n) _____.
a. orienting reflex
b. stimulus
c. heuristic
d. cognitive map
Answer:
In the context of reinforcement theory, the advertisement serves as a(n) b. stimulus
.
Explanation:
In reinforcement theory, a stimulus is any external event that leads to a change in behavior, a response. Stimuli can actually be used to condition certain desired behaviors in animals and people by being paired up in ways that lead to specific responses. In the case described in the passage, Jason was led to feel the urge to buy a beverage because of the ad. Jason's behavior was a response to the ad, which means the ad itself is a stimulus.
Answer:
The Whiskey Rebellion demonstrated that the new national government had the will and ability to suppress violent resistance to its laws, though the whiskey excise remained difficult to collect. The events contributed to the formation of political parties in the United States, a process already under way.
Explanation:
