Question

Kahneman and Tversky (1973) found that a majority of participants mistakenly believed there were more words in the English language that start with the letter r than words that have r in the third position. These results demonstrate the functioning of:________.

Answer 1

Answer:

Availability heuristic

Explanation:

Availability heuristic is a concept that describes the tendency for an individual to easy based judgment majorly on what they can easily remember. Availability heuristic, in order words , explains that people tend to make conclusions on the likelihood of an event to occur often based on how easy it is to recall examples of such.

According to the study conducted by Kahneman and Tversky (1973), it was found that most of the participants mistakenly believed there were more words in the English language that start with the letter “r” than words that have “r” in the third position, simply because they can easily remember examples of words in the English language that begin with “r”. These are as a result of the concept known as availability heuristic.

Answer 2

Answer:

availability heuristic

Explanation:

An availability heuristic is a mental route that is based on instant sample that comes to a person's thought when guaging a specific topic, concept, method or decision. People tend to use a easily obtainable fact to support their reliance about a similar distant concept. Kahneman and Tversky (1973) argue that English-speaking people would immediately think of many words that begin with the letter "R" ( e.gRag, Rocket, Ribbon), but that it would take a more concentrated effort to think of any words in which "r" is the third letter ( e.g Partake, Participant). Results indicated that participants overestimated the number of words that began with the letter "R" and underestimated the number of words that had "R" as the third letter. Tversky and Kahneman concluded that people answer questions like these by comparing the availability of the two categories and assessing how easily they can recall these instances.