How do scientists gather information about the natural world

Imagine that you attempted to recreate Mendel's work with garden peas. You began by crossing true breeding violet-flowered, tall

salantis [7]

Answer:

(a) 90

(b) 30

(c) 30

(d) 10

F2 data for stem length (tall:dwarf) is consistent with Mendel's law of segregation.

F2 data for stem length (tall:dwarf) and flower color (violet:white) is consistent with Mendel's law of independent assortment

Explanation:

The F2 phenotypes are supposed to be in 9:3:3:1 according to Mendelian law. The total number of F2 progeny is: 80 + 36 + 39 + 5 = 160

(a) Hence, the expected number of tall, violet plants will be:

9/16 x 160 = 90

(b) Expected number of tall, white plants will be:

3/16 x 160 = 30

(c) Expected number of dwarf, violet plants will be:

3/16 x 160 = 30

(d) Expected number of dwarf, white plants will be:

1/16 x 160 = 10.

Total number of tall F2 plants = 80 + 36 = 116

Total number of dwarf F2 plants = 39 + 5 = 44

Expected ratio of tall:dwarf plants according to Mendel = 3:1

Expected number of tall plants = 3/4 x 160 = 120

Expected number of dwarf plants = 1/4 x 160 = 40

Chi square $X^2$

= $\frac{(observed frequency - expected frequency)^2}{expected frequency}$

$X^2$ for tall = $\frac{(116 - 120)^2}{120}$

= 0.1333

$X^2$ for dwarf = $\frac{(44 - 40)^2}{40}$

= 0.40

Total $X^2$ = 0.1333 + 0.4

0.5333

Degree of freedom = n - 1

2 - 1 = 1

Tabulated $X^2$ (α = 0.05) = 3.841

Since the tabulated $X^2$ is more than the calculated $X^2$ , the hypothesis that the F2 data for stem length (tall:dwarf) is consistent with Mendel's law of segregation is accepted.

Observed Expected $X^2$

tall, violet flowers 80 90 $\frac{(80-90)^2}{90} = 1.11$

tall, white flowers 36 30 $\frac{(36-30)^2}{30} = 1.2$

dwarf, violet flowers 39 30 $\frac{(39-30)^2}{30} = 2.7$

dwarf, white flowers 5 10 $\frac{(5-10)^2}{10} = 2.5$

Total 160 160 7.51

Degree of freedom = 4 - 1 = 3

Tabulated $X^2$ (α = 0.05) = 7.815

The tabulated $X^2$ value is more than the calculated $X^2$ value. Hence, F2 data for stem length (tall:dwarf) and flower color (violet:white) is consistent with Mendel's law of independent assortment.

3 0

3 years ago

What do bacteria have in common with cells of other living organisms?

geniusboy [140]

The answer would be D. Contain cytoplasm.

bacteria(prokaryotic cells) have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes but lack all membrane bound organelles that eukaryotic cells have.

4 0

4 years ago

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Compare and contrast the events of light reaction and dark reaction in the photosynthesis process

Marat540 [252]

Answer:

The light reaction is the initial stage of photosynthesis which traps light energy to produce ATP and NADPH, whereas dark reaction is the second step of photosynthesis which utilizes the energy from ATP and NADPH to produce glucose.

Explanation:

hope it helps

5 0

3 years ago

How might a sudden cold front limit population growth of newborn offspring?"" HELP PLEASE

Dahasolnce [82]

Answer:

The correct answer is - they may not be able to survive at such a temperature.

Explanation:

A Cold front is a weather change when a cooler air mass moves into warmer air that leads to a sudden drop in temperature following by the cyclone, heavy rainfall and hail.

These sudden changes and heavy rain with storms and cyclones can limit the population growth of newborn offspring as they may not able to survive in such a sudden temperature drop.

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Ice wedging into the rock and breaking and crAcking the rock and soil

Rzqust [24]

Yes it’s called ice wedging you’re correct

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