The correct answer is B. Metaphor
The land is not really a mother to anyone. Mother is used here as a metaphor for the land in which free people are born and nurtured. It's still a piece of land but it is being mentioned as a mother to attribute the warm feeling of mother caring for you to the land in which the free are born.
Books, articles, or websites that have information on that topic
Well, because William Shakespeare lived more than 400 years ago, and many records from then are lost or were nonexistent in the first place, we don't know every single detail about his life.
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Answer:
B) "How were gladiators viewed during ancient Roman times?"
Answer:
I think a is the best answers