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3 years ago

How does the Counting Principle help when determining the sample space of a probability

2 answers:

8 0

The Fundamental Counting Principle helps when determining the sample space of probability since it figures out the total number of ways the combination of events can occur. Thus, it is used as a guidance when determining the sample space of a probability.

VMariaS [17]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

In order to compute the probability of an event, you need to know the number of outcomes in the sample space and the number of outcomes in the event. ... The Fundamental Counting Principle works similarly for more than two events - multiply the number of outcomes in each event together to find the total number of outcomes.

Step-by-step explanation:

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SOLUTION

Given the question in the image, the following are the solution steps to answer the question.

STEP 1: Write the given set of values

$321,397,559,454,475,324,482,558,369,513,385,360,459,403,498,477,361,366,372,320$

STEP 2: Write the formula for calculating the Standard deviation of a set of numbers

$\begin{gathered} S\tan dard\text{ deviation=}\sqrt[]{\frac{\sum^{}_{}(x_i-\bar{x})^2}{n-1}} \\ where\text{ }x_i\text{ are data points,} \\ \bar{x}\text{ is the mean} \\ \text{n is the number of values in the data set} \end{gathered}$

STEP 3: Calculate the mean

$\begin{gathered} \bar{x}=\frac{\sum ^{}_{}x_i}{n} \\ \bar{x}=\frac{\sum ^{}_{}(321,397,559,454,475,324,482,558,369,513,385,360,459,403,498,477,361,366,372,320)}{20} \\ \bar{x}=\frac{8453}{20}=422.65 \end{gathered}$

STEP 4: Calculate the Standard deviation

$\begin{gathered} S\tan dard\text{ deviation=}\sqrt[]{\frac{\sum^{}_{}(x_i-\bar{x})^2}{n-1}} \\ \sum ^{}_{}(x_i-\bar{x})^2\Rightarrow\text{Sum of squares of differences} \\ \Rightarrow10332.7225+657.9225+18591.3225+982.8225+2740.52251+9731.8225+3522.4225+18319.6225+2878.3225 \\ +8163.1225+1417.5225+3925.0225+1321.3225+386.1225+5677.6225+2953.9225+3800.7225 \\ +3209.2225+2565.4225+10537.0225 \\ \text{Sum}\Rightarrow108974.0275 \\ \\ S\tan dard\text{ deviation}=\sqrt[]{\frac{111714.55}{20-1}}=\sqrt[]{\frac{111714.55}{19}} \\ \Rightarrow\sqrt[]{5879.713158}=76.67928767 \\ \\ S\tan dard\text{ deviation}\approx76.68 \end{gathered}$

Hence, the standard deviation of the given set of numbers is approximately 76.68 to 2 decimal places.

STEP 5: Calculate the First and third quartile

$\begin{gathered} \text{IQR}=Q_3-Q_1 \\ \\ To\text{ get }Q_1 \\ We\text{ first arrange the data in ascending order} \\ \mathrm{Arrange\: the\: terms\: in\: ascending\: order} \\ 320,\: 321,\: 324,\: 360,\: 361,\: 366,\: 369,\: 372,\: 385,\: 397,\: 403,\: 454,\: 459,\: 475,\: 477,\: 482,\: 498,\: 513,\: 558,\: 559 \\ Q_1=(\frac{n+1}{4})th \\ Q_1=(\frac{20+1}{4})th=\frac{21}{4}th=5.25th\Rightarrow\frac{361+366}{2}=\frac{727}{2}=363.5 \\ \\ To\text{ get }Q_3 \\ Q_3=(\frac{3(n+1)}{4})th=\frac{3\times21}{4}=\frac{63}{4}=15.75th\Rightarrow\frac{477+482}{2}=\frac{959}{2}=479.5 \end{gathered}$

STEP 6: Find the Interquartile Range

$\begin{gathered} IQR=Q_3-Q_1 \\ \text{IQR}=479.5-363.5 \\ \text{IQR}=116 \end{gathered}$

Hence, the interquartile range of the data is 116

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