All categories

3 years ago

Why is CCl4 a nonpolar molecule, but PCl3 is a polar molecule?

1 answer:

6 0

If you follow the octet rule, you know that an element must have 8 outside (or valence) electrons to be energetically favorable.

In CCl4, the carbon molecule forms four bonds; one for each chlorine atom. Each bond contains 2 electrons, so it is satisfied.

In PCl3, Phosphorous forms only 3 bonds with chlorine, which means in order to have 8 valence electrons, it also has a lone pair of electrons, not bonded with chlorine.

Now, in CCl4, picture the shape of the molecule like a plus sign, with the carbon in the middle and the chlorine at the four ends. It is symmetrical, and therefore is nonpolar.

In PCl3, the lone pair electrons push, so to speak, the 3 chlorine atoms away, making a T-shaped molecule. Since the chlorine is more electronegative than carbon, the molecule is unbalenced, making it polar.

You might be interested in

Round off each of the following numbers to two significant figures:

malfutka [58]

A) 5.2 x 10^2
B) 86.
C) 6.4 x 10^3
D) 5.0
E) 22.
F) 0.89

7 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Mike mixes two chemicals in a container. The container quickly becomes

Vedmedyk [2.9K]

Answer:

it is an exothermic reaction

7 0

3 years ago

natural rubidium has the average mass of 85.4678 and is composed of isotopes 85 Rb(mass = 84.9117) and 87 Rb. The ratio of atoms

mote1985 [20]

Answer:

Mass of Rb-87 is 86.913 amu.

Explanation:

Given data:

Average mass of rubidium = 85.4678 amu

Mass of Rb-85 = 84.9117

Ratio of 85Rb/87Rb in natural rubidium = 2.591

Mass of Rb = ?

Solution:

The ration of both isotope is 2.591 to 1. Which means that for 2.591 atoms of Rb-85 there is one Rb-87.

For 100% naturally occurring Rb = 2.591 + 1 = 3.591

% abundance of Rb-85 = 2.591/ 3.591 = 0.722

% abundance of Rb-87 = 1 - 0.722= 0.278

84.9117 × 0.722 + X × 0.278 = 85.4678

61.306 + X × 0.278 = 85.4678

X × 0.278 = 85.4678 - 61.306

X × 0.278 = 24.1618

X = 24.1618 / 0.278

X = 86.913 amu

8 0

3 years ago

Bacteria and viruses are inactivated by temperatures above 139 ∘C in an autoclave. An autoclave contains steam at 1.00 atm and 1

andrezito [222]

To answer this question, we will use pressure law which states that:
"At constant volume of a fixed mass of gas, the pressure of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature"

This means that:
Pi / Ti = Pf / Tf where:
Pi is the initial pressure = 1 atm
Ti is the initial temperature = 100 + 273 = 373 degree kelvin
Pf is the final pressure that we want to calculate
Tf is the final temperature = 139 + 273 = 412 degree kelvin

Substitute in the equation with the givens to calculate the pressure as follows:
1 / 373 = Pf / 412
Pf = (1/373) * 412 = 1.104557641 atm

5 0

3 years ago

Please help with word equations?

Delvig [45]

For the answer to the questions above,

a) Ag2CO3(s) => Ag2O(s)+CO2(g)

b) Cl2(g)+2(KI)(aq) => I2(s)+2(KCl)(aq) (coefficients are for balanced equation) 
net ionic is Cl2(g)+2I- => I2(s)+2Cl-(aq) 

c) I2(s)+3(Cl2)(g)=>2(ICl3)
I hope I helped you with your problem

7 0

4 years ago