Answer:
Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas punishment serves to decrease its occurrence
Explanation:
In behavioral psychology, reinforcement refers to a consequence applied to strengthen a desired behavior and make it occur again. Positive reinforcement works by giving reward for desired behaviour while negative reinforcement works by eliminating all aversive or discouraging elements to a desired behaviour.
Punishment works to decrease an undesired behaviour.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
After Columbus’ arrival in the Americas, the animal, plant, and bacterial life of these two worlds began to mix. This process, first studied comprehensively by American historian Alfred Crosby, was called the Columbian Exchange. By reuniting formerly biologically distinct land masses, the Columbian Exchange had dramatic and lasting effects on the world. New diseases were introduced to American populations that had no prior experience of them. The results were devastating. These populations also were introduced to new weeds and pests, livestock, and pets. New food and fiber crops were introduced to Eurasia and Africa, improving diets and fomenting trade there. In addition, the Columbian Exchange vastly expanded the scope of production of some popular drugs, bringing the pleasures — and consequences — of coffee, sugar, and tobacco use to many millions of people. The results of this exchange recast the biology of both regions and altered the history of the world.
Paranoia? If you have the answer choices that might help.
The answer is "variable-ratio schedule".
In operant conditioning, a variable-ratio plan refers to a calendar of fortification where a reaction is strengthened after an eccentric number of reactions. This timetable makes an enduring, high rate of reacting. Betting and lottery diversions are great cases of a reward in view of a variable ratio schedule.
