Answer:
In order for the sodium motive force to provide useful energy for the cell the organism must contain sodium ion gradient or potential across the membrane.
Explanation:
If the concentration of sodium is high in the inter membrane space than that of matrix then a sodium gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
The transport of sodium ions from inter membrane space to matrix through the sodium ion channel result in the generation of sodium motive force,that is used to provide energy to the cell.
Answer:
SER, they are capable of synthesizing testosterone of Adrenocortical cells.
Explanation:
Adrenal smooth microsomal cells are enriched in smooth endoplasmic reticulum SER, membranes of which contain high levels of translocation apparatus and oligosaccharyltransferase complex proteins. STEROID-SECRETING CELLS are characterized by abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). These cells synthesize cholesterol as a precursor for steroid hormones or take up this substrate from plasma lipoproteins. Many of the enzymes for sterol and steroid synthesis are localized in the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. This organelle is particularly prominent in cells of the inner zones of the adrenal and fluctuates in amount and configuration in response to hormonal stimulation and sterol levels.
Answer:
d. xylem and phloem
Explanation: plants possess vascular bundles.these are bundles which includes xylem and phloem tissues and transport useful substances to various plant cells.
New Xylem and phloem are formed from the vascular cambium which divides into new cells .
Xylem and phloem are thin and slender with pipe-like structure.
The xylem transports water and dissolved nutrients to the cells where they are needed.
The phloem transports the product of photosynthesis (sugar) to parts what they are used up or stored .
Xylem cells are dead and consists in vessels,trachieds and xylem parenchyma.
Phloem cells are dead and consists in sieves cell, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.
