Replication fork is a point on the parental DNA where the DNA is being unwound and separated; and the separated strands are being replicated. Synthesis of a new DNA strand occurs in a 5' -> 3' direction, as the DNA strand serving as the template is read from its 3' -> 5' direction. During replication, two strands of DNA are synthesized: The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the same direction as the replication fork movement while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the direction opposite to the direction of fork movement, that is, towards the replication fork. The lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments known as Okazaki fragments.
Nutrient pollution is the process where too many nutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, are added to bodies of water and can act like fertilizer, causing excessive growth of algae. Nutrients can run off of land in urban areas where lawn and garden fertilizers are used
