Spines primarily have a protective function in plants. The spines can be sharp, and form a physical barrier against herbivores which may want to feed on the plant. Spines however also have other benefits. The spines on a jumping cactus allow segments of the cactus to stick to passing large animals or humans, thereby allowing the cactus to spread to other areas through asexual propagation. Spines are modified leaves, and spines have a much lower surface area than leaves, and therefore can reduce transpirative loss of water by the plant during harsh droughts. Some trees in alpine regions, such as pine trees, have developed spine-like leaves to prevent the accumulation of snow in the branches.
Let's call the colour alleles C for dominant purple, and c for recessive white.
We have crossed Cc with Cc. So if we put that in a Punnett square, we'd have a CC, two Cc and a cc. That would give us a 3:1 ratio of purple to white, so you'd expect 15 purple and 5 white flowers. :)
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The simple answer is the electrons in the outermost energy level.
Hydrogen has 1 electron in the outermost energy level.
Magnesium has 2 so this tells you that magnesium has a charge of 2
Oxygen has 6 oxygen has a charge of - 2
Fluorine has 7
For most elements, the electrons in the most outer ring determine the valence of the element.
Notice that the non metals work differently than the metals. Mg may have a charge of 2 and that is the number of electrons in the valence right.
Oxygen is a non metal it has a charge of - 2. It gets 6 electrons by subtracting the number of its charge from 8.
Answer:
it's ground water because it just is just put groundwater
