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mart [117]
3 years ago
13

Consider the experimental situation described below. Ability to grow in shade may help pines in the dry forests of Arizona resis

t drought. How well do these pines grow in shade? Investigators planted pine seedlings in a greenhouse in either full light or light reduced to 5% of normal by shade cloth. At the end of the study, they dried the young trees and weighed them. Identify the experimental unit(s) or subject(s)?
a) shade cloth

b) pine tree seedlings

c) drought resistance

d) greenhouses

e) rainy seasons
Mathematics
1 answer:
USPshnik [31]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The experimental subjects are pine tree seedlings .

Step-by-step explanation:

The physical entity to which the treatment is assigned at random is known as experimental unit .  

The same treatment cannot be received by two experimental units, they have to different treatments. The selection of experimental units plays an important role to determine the p-values in the statistical analysis. The experimental units are divided into different homogeneous groups called blocks.

From the question, the experimental subjects identified are pine tree seedlings.

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Calculate the pH of a buffer solution made by mixing 300 mL of 0.2 M acetic acid, CH3COOH, and 200 mL of 0.3 M of its salt sodiu
Lesechka [4]

Answer:

Approximately 4.75.

Step-by-step explanation:

Remark: this approach make use of the fact that in the original solution, the concentration of  \rm CH_3COOH and \rm CH_3COO^{-} are equal.

{\rm CH_3COOH} \rightleftharpoons {\rm CH_3COO^{-}} + {\rm H^{+}}

Since \rm CH_3COONa is a salt soluble in water. Once in water, it would readily ionize to give \rm CH_3COO^{-} and \rm Na^{+} ions.

Assume that the \rm CH_3COOH and \rm CH_3COO^{-} ions in this solution did not disintegrate at all. The solution would contain:

0.3\; \rm L \times 0.2\; \rm mol \cdot L^{-1} = 0.06\; \rm mol of \rm CH_3COOH, and

0.06\; \rm mol of \rm CH_3COO^{-} from 0.2\; \rm L \times 0.3\; \rm mol \cdot L^{-1} = 0.06\; \rm mol of \rm CH_3COONa.

Accordingly, the concentration of \rm CH_3COOH and \rm CH_3COO^{-} would be:

\begin{aligned} & c({\rm CH_3COOH}) \\ &= \frac{n({\rm CH_3COOH})}{V} \\ &= \frac{0.06\; \rm mol}{0.5\; \rm L} = 0.12\; \rm mol \cdot L^{-1} \end{aligned}.

\begin{aligned} & c({\rm CH_3COO^{-}}) \\ &= \frac{n({\rm CH_3COO^{-}})}{V} \\ &= \frac{0.06\; \rm mol}{0.5\; \rm L} = 0.12\; \rm mol \cdot L^{-1} \end{aligned}.

In other words, in this buffer solution, the initial concentration of the weak acid \rm CH_3COOH is the same as that of its conjugate base, \rm CH_3COO^{-}.

Hence, once in equilibrium, the \rm pH of this buffer solution would be the same as the {\rm pK}_{a} of \rm CH_3COOH.

Calculate the {\rm pK}_{a} of \rm CH_3COOH from its {\rm K}_{a}:

\begin{aligned} & {\rm pH}(\text{solution}) \\ &= {\rm pK}_{a} \\ &= -\log_{10}({\rm K}_{a}) \\ &= -\log_{10} (1.76 \times 10^{-5}) \\ &\approx 4.75\end{aligned}.

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