Antibiotics don't lead to shocks bacteria do
Answer:
<em><u>There are two important types of genetic mechanisms that can give rise to antibiotic resistance: mutation and acquisition of new genetic material. In the case of mutation, the rate at which resistance develops can be attributed to the rate at which bacteria mutate.</u></em>
Fungi gets<span> the </span>energy<span> they need to live from other organisms.</span>
We are well aware that there are two stages of photosynthesis:
- Light dependent reactions
- Light independent reactions/ Calvin cycle/ dark reactions.
Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions:
This comprise the process during which carbon dioxide enters into the leaves of plants and passes through series of steps to form sugar or food. This process depends on the supply of ATP, (the ATP that is formed previously during light dependent reactions).
Now there are three stages of Calvin cycle:
- 1) carbon fixation
- 2) reduction
- 3) regeneration
During the process of carbon fixation CO2 combines with a 5-carbon compound called RuBP or ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate which results in the synthesis of a 6-carbon compound that splits up in to 2 three carbon compounds called phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA).
Here out focus will be the process of Reduction.
Reduction is the second stage of Calvin cycle during which phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) that is a sugar. During the process of reduction, energy in the form of ATP and NADPH are used for the conversion of 3-PGA to G3P. As 3-PGA is reduced to G3P, therefore this process is known as reduction.
After reduction, a series of reactions occur that lead to the synthesis of glucose but since focus of our question was reduction, so you can see more details of the process in attached figure.
Hope it helps!
Bacteria need an optimum temperature for their growth, so this is the reason why we might not see as much bacterial colonization of microbes from human saliva on plates cultured at 25 °C versus plates incubated at 37 °C.
Why do bacteria only grow at certain temperatures?
- The main justification for incubating bacterial cultures at various temperatures is that different temperatures favor the growth of particular bacteria.
- Most infections and typical ambient bacteria are classified as mesophiles, which thrive in temperatures between 20 and 40 degrees Celsius.
- An optimum temperature is required for the enzymes to show their activity, and for the division also many enzymes are involved in the process. So, the bacterial culture can be seen at a particular incubation temperature only.
To read more about bacterial colonization visit:
brainly.com/question/12485105
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