Substitution mutation is when a single base pair in a strand of DNA is replaced. This can cause an early stop amino acid, or the protein could change slightly, or the protein could be unchanged completely due to there being multiple base pairs to make an amino acid.
B!
Parasitism is when one organism benefits and harms the organism it is living off of, while the organism it is living off of will only be harmed and does not benefit.
Answer: The correct answer is -
d) a dominant trait that depends on the presence of only one of many dominant alleles.
Glaucoma is an autosomal dominant trait, meaning that presence of single copy of the defective gene is enough to cause the disease.
It corresponds to a group of diseases, which cause damage in the optic nerve, leading to loss of vision and if not treated, it ultimately leads to blindness.
Thus, option D) is the right answer.
Eukaryotic cells rely on the molecular energy of ATP to sustain all of the reactions necessary to maintain life, in the absence of ATP, these reactions would come to a halt, and the cell would inevitably die.
ATP is a molecular compound that provides the energy needed by most cells to survive. ATP represents Adenosine triphosphate, which is an organic compound that provides energy to drive the essential metabolic reactions of living cells, such as:
- Muscle contractions
- Nerve impulses
- Chemical synthesis
- Nutrient absorbtion
In the situation in which a cell was to run out of ATP, these reactions would stop, given that they require ATP to function. This means that the cell would not be able to send or receive nerve signals, absorb the nutrients it needs, or even create necessary compounds such as proteins. The stoppage of these functions would lead to the death of the cell.
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