Los seres invertebrados y los vertebrados tienen más elementos en común de lo que se pensaba. Un estudio, con participación del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), prueba que existe gran similitud entre los sistemas excretores de ambos grupos de animales. Según la investigación, las células encargadas de filtrar la sangre en la formación de orina, alojadas en los riñones de vertebrados, son similares a las que realizan una función análoga en invertebrados.
Answer:
1. Inhibiting IP3 channels, leading to decreased Ca2 in the sarcoplasm and reduced contraction.
2. Increasing the relative activity of MLCP, leading to a decrease in tension.
3. Activating K channels, increasing K leaking out of the cell which hyperpolarizes it and decreases the likelihood of Ca2 entry.
Explanation
In smooth muscle, cyclic AMP (cAMP) mediates relaxation because cAMP inhibits a specific kinase required for myosin light chain protein (MLCP) phosphorylation, thereby triggering contraction in the smooth muscles. It has been shown that cAMP inhibits 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-dependent calcium ions (Ca 2+) release by activation of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). PKG proteins act to modulate Ca2+ oscillations by stimulating sarcoplasmic Ca2+-ATPase membrane proteins, increasing Ca2+ in the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and Ca2+ efflux from the cells, and activate voltage-gated potassium (K) channels, thereby leading to membrane hyperpolarization and reducing Ca2+ entry through Ca2+ channels.
I'd say option 4, because all of those are capable of changing the enviroment
Answer: Diatoms.
Explanation:
Diatoms are single celled group of algae that are found in aquatic habitat both freshwater and marine habitat. The are the most important primary produce in the marine habitat. They are photosynthetic I .e they have chlorophyll which help them to trap light energy from sunlight and uses carbon dioxide and water to produce food. They produce food with the process of photosynthesis.
Answer:
Explanation:
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