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4 years ago

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You are designing a delivery ramp for crates containing exercise equipment. The 1470-N crates will move at 1.8 m/s at the top of

a ramp that slopes downward at 22.0∘. The ramp exerts a 550-N kinetic friction force on each crate, and the maximum static friction force also has this value. Each crate will compress a spring at the bottom of the ramp and will come to rest after traveling a total distance of 8.0 m along the ramp. Once stopped, a crate must not rebound back up the ramp. Calculate the force constant of the spring that will be needed in order to meet the design criteria.

1 answer:

alina1380 [7]4 years ago

5 0

Answer:

The force constant ,I = 2394N/m

Explanation:

Given:

Weight of crate,Wg = 1470N

Theta = 22.0°

Kinetic friction,Fk= Fs(max) = 550N

Total length of ramp =8.0m

If y =0 at the bottom of the ramp

y1 = d Sin theta

y1 = 8 × Sin 22°

y1 = 3.0m

y2 = 0

V1=1.8m/s

V2 = 0

The equation combining the gravitational and elastic potential energy, and the work energy theorem is given by:

K1 + Ugrav1 + Uel1 + W = K2 + Uel1 ..eq1

Where KE is given by: 1/2mv^2

Gravitational potential energy is given by: Ugrav = mgy ...eq2

Elastic potential energy = Uel = 1/2Kx^2 ..eq3

The restoring force constant of a spring compressed by a distance x is given by:

Fx = Kx ..eq4

Workdone by a constant force is given by W = Fscostheta ...eq5

Where s = displacement

Theta = the angle between the force and the displacement

Work,W = Wf = 550 ×8 × cos 180°

W = -4400J

From the weight of the crate.mass is:

Wg/g = m

1470/9.8 = 150kg

K1 = 1/2 ×150×1.8^2 = 243m/s

The crate comes to rest at K2=0

Ugrav1 = 150 × 9.8 × 3 = 4410J

Ugrav2 = 150 × 9.8 x 0 = 0J

Uel1= 0 Spring at equilibrium

Substituting the values of the energies and work

253 + 4410 + 0 - 4400 = 0 + 0 + Uel1

Uel1 = 253J

Substituting into eq3

253 = 1/2 Kx^2 = 1/2 Kx(x)

Kx = 506/x

Since crate remains at rest,we use Newton's 2nd law

Fx = fs + Wsin theta

Fx = 550 + 1470 sin 22

Fx = 1100.7N

Substituting into eq4

Kx = 1100.7

X = 506/1100.7 = 0.46m

Kx = 1100.7

K = 1100.7/0.47

K = 2394N/m

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