Polypeptides and proteins must fold properly to be functional. Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the pepti
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The <u>Stratosphere</u> contains the Ozone layer in Earth's atmosphere.
The seashell is <u>28747.96 years old.</u>
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Why?
If we need to calculate how old is something, we can use the equation for radioactive decay rate. It's possible using the C-14 half-life (5740 years) as reference. Remember, C-14 is used because all the living things take up the element from the atmosphere, when an organism dies, the amount of carbon starts to decay (very slowly).
Decay rate half life:
Where,
is the initial number of atoms (undecayed)
is the the number of atoms at time (undecayed)
is the decay rate
Now, isolating the decay rate of the formula, we have:
{
Also, we can get the value of the decay rate (half life), using the following formula:
Then, using the given information, we have:
Hence, the seashell is 28748.96 years old.
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