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solmaris [256]
4 years ago
12

Explain, with complete sentences, how prokaryotes gen

Biology
1 answer:
Vladimir79 [104]4 years ago
3 0

Answer:

In eukaryotes, 2 ATP molecules out of the total 4 produced in glycolysis are used up to transport the NADH molecule into the mitochondria.  

Explanation:

  • The glycolytic pathway in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes generates 4 ATP molecules and 1 NADH per glucose.
  • In eukaryotes, the next step of cellular respiration, the Kreb's cycle takes place inside the mitochondria. 2 ATPs out of the initial 4 are used by NADH as they cross the mitochondrial membrane.
  • The 4 ATP remain intact in prokaryotes as cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm and cell membrane.
  • The conversion of 2 pyruvate molecules into Acetyl Co-A by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex produces 2 NADH.
  • Kreb's cycle produces 2 ATPs, 6 NADH and 2 FADH2.
  • All in all, 10 NADH and 2 FADH2 molecules enter the Electron Transport Chain (ETC).
  • Each NADH yields 3 ATP. Therefore, 10*3=30 ATP.
  • Each FADH2 yields 2 ATP. Therefore, 2*2= 4 ATP.
  • Therefore, the 4 ATP from glycolysis plus 34 ATP generated in the Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain gives a total of 38 ATP.
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The answers to the questions required for the design experiment above are :

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