a sovereign ruler of great power and rank, especially one ruling an empire.
I’m not sure but i believe it is b) higher birth rates and death rates
Here they are, in his own words:
Selling indulgences to finance the building of St. Peter's is wrong. ...
The pope has no power over Purgatory. "Papal indulgences do not remove guilt. ...
Buying indulgences gives people a false sense of security and endangers their salvation.
Answer:
As towns grew wealthier, town dwellers began to resent the lord's feudal rights and his demands for taxes. They felt they no longer needed the lord's protection—or his interference. ... Power gradually shifted from feudal lords to the rising class of merchants and craftspeople.
Explanation:
