Answer:
B. negative, positive
Explanation:
Substitution effect : Price rise of a good makes it relatively expensive, decreases its demand. Price fall of a good makes it relatively cheap, increases its demand.
So: Substitution Effect is always negative as per above explanation.
Income Effect : Price rise of a good decreases real income/ real purchasing power of consumer & reduces demand of all goods. Price fall increases real purchasing power & increases demand of all goods.
Income effect is positive in case of Normal Goods, normal good demand is positively related to income. The effect is negative in case of inferior goods, inferior good demand is negatively related to income.
Hence: Price rise of rice - Substitution effect results in negative change in rice consumption. {∵substitution effect always negative}
Income Effect leads to positive change in rice consumption {∵price rise reduces real income & income effect is negative for inferior goods}
Options:
Yes, Joe is an agent who has that authority.
No, Joe is an employee, but the employee does not have that authority.It depends whether Joe signed a written contract for his employment.
Yes, Joe is an employee.
No, not unless he possesses authority from the principal because Joe is an independent contractor.
Answer:No, not unless he possesses authority from the principal because Joe is an independent contractor
Explanation: An independent contractor is a third party engaged by a principal to transact certain specific jobs or accomplish a certain task on his behalf. An independent contractor does not have any power or authority to represent his or her principal especially when he or she is not authorized to do that on behalf of the principal.
JOE DOESN'T HAVE THE POWER OR AUTHORITY TO ENTER INTO ANY CONTRACT OR AGREEMENT WITH ANOTHER ENTITY FOR HIS PRINCIPAL EXCEPT WHEN GIVEN THE AUTHORITY TO DO SO.
Answer:
I. Thank employees for being willing to make a sacrifice for the good of the company.
II. State the facts of the company's financial situation.
III. Inform employees that they will receive a 15% pay cut.
IV. Close with forward looking statement.
Explanation:
The company's financial situation has led the managers to decide for a pay cut instead of lay off to improve the financial position of the company and stay in the budget. The company should appraise employees that they understand the company's situation and are willing to accept the pay cut. The director should inform employees about the current financial situation and provide details about the pay cut plan. The email should close with a forward looking statement and a statement that as soon as the situation of company gets better the employees will receive full salaries as always.
Answer:
Option E Price Escalation
Explanation:
Price Escalation is when the government imposes additional taxes on the product which is exported to their country, this makes the product expensive and the customer as a result don't buys that product. Such type of increases in prices are known as price escalation.
Answer:
(e) defensiveness
Explanation:
The best option amongst all is defensiveness.
The workers action could also be understood as defensiveness. Hostility or having an unfriendly attitude is a major barrier in communication especially in organizations.
The workers were not open minded and lacked respect to listen to what Scott would have said at the meeting.
Other barriers to communication includes, Emotions, Cultural Barriers etc.
