Vaccine, bacteria, pathogens, cells, toxins, antibiotics. In that order vaccine being first
Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP. The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is gradually broken down into carbon dioxide and water. Along the way, some ATP is produced directly in the reactions that transform glucose. Much more ATP, however, is produced later in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative phosphorylation is powered by the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain, a series of proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
These electrons come originally from glucose and are shuttled to the electron transport chain when they gain electrons.
As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water. Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.). As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water.
Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.
Rajus classmates should be educated on the dangers of bull_ying and the benefits of being kind instead.
<h3>What is bull_ying?</h3>
Bull_ying is an action which is directed to another individual due to real or perceived power imbalance to cause the individual fear or h_arm.
The dangers of bull_ying include:
- causes feeling of worthlessness in the individuals being bulli_ed
- can lead to self_h_arm such as sui cide
- bull_ies can be prosecuted.
By teasing Raju, her classmates are bull_ying her.
Therefore, Rajus classmates should be educated on the dangers of bull_ying and the benefits of being kind instead.
Learn more about bull_ying at: brainly.com/question/1460915
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The nucleus tells the cell what to do, and also contains chromosomes, which has the cell's genetic material.
