Almost positive that it's option C, because ultraviolet rays indeed do that, i'm not good with the study of x-rays but i'm sure it doesn't go with #3.
I would have to say d.Please let me know if i am right.
Answer:
R = 0 and no population growth.
Explanation:
Birth rate may be defined as the growth of individual per thousand and death rate determines the death of individual per thousand in a year. The birth and death changes the population dynamics.
The growth rate depends on both the factors that are birth rate and death rate. Here, the birth rate is balanced or equal that replace the offspring father. The change in the population growth is same and the birth and replacement almost cancel out each other. In this case, the birth rate is zero and population do not grow.
Thus, the answer is R = 0 and no population growth.
