Its basic cause was a dynastic quarrel that originated when the conquest of England by William of Normandy created a state lying on both sides of the English Channel. In the 14th cent. the English kings held the duchy of Guienne in France; they resented paying homage to the French kings, and they feared the increasing control exerted by the French crown over its great feudal vassals. The immediate causes of the Hundred Years War were the dissatisfaction of Edward III of England with the nonfulfillment by Philip VI of France of his pledges to restore a part of Guienne taken by Charles IV; the English attempts to control Flanders, an important market for English wool and a source of cloth; and Philip's support of Scotland against England.
Except for the king, every noble in a feudal society served as a <u>vassal </u>to a higher noble. The vassal in medieval Europe, was a man who was granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to an older man or is more important. They made a feudal contract that was an exchange of promises between lords and vassals. In feudal society was the monarch, then the powerful lords who had vassals.
The 14th amendment did much to educate and provide jobs for newly freed slaves following the end of the civil war.
