The pyramid shape of tropical level comes from the loss of energy at every step
It belongs to the Low Density Lipoprotein receptor. It 's a cell surface receptor that recorgnizes the apoprotein B100, which is known to be located on the outer phospholipid layer of LDL particles. It also recognizes the apoE protein as well.
<span>Permanent damage to the liver that results in scar tissue is known as ________.
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Cirrhosis
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We label the human sex chromosomes with X's and Y's. For example. A boy's chromosomes are XY. A girls chromosomes are XX. When a child is born, they get an X from their mother, and either an X or Y from their Father, thus determining their sex.
Answer:
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Explanation:
The outgroup is the most distant taxonomic group that shares no traits or characters with the lineages of interest, which compose the ingroup. You can compare the outgroup with the ingroup to determine the evolutive relationship and which characters are primitive or derived.
Even though the outgroup shares a common ancestor with the ingroup, this is placed far away in evolution, making the outgroup to be the taxonomic group less related to the other lineages. The lineages in the ingroup share another common ancestor that is more recent in history.
To select the outgroup, you need to focus on what you are interested in. There might be several outgroups, but you should choose the one that is more related or closer to the ingroups. This selection is important because you need to make comparisons to understand the evolution of specific traits.
In the exposed example, we need to focus on animals that have four limbs. Then, we might assume that the ingroup is composed of Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs. Sharks and Ray-Finned Fish do not have four limbs, so they might be considered outgroups.
From these two outgroups, sharks have a cartilaginous skeleton, while Ray-Finned Fishes have a bony skeleton. This fact makes ray-finned fishes more related to the ingroup than the sharks. So,
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
