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natta225 [31]
3 years ago
7

Treatment of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with aqueous bromine leads to the evolution of carbon dioxide and the formation of 2,4,6-trib

romophenol. Explain.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Nastasia [14]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Aromatization leads to evolution of carbon dioxide

Explanation:

In p-hydroxybenzoic acid, -OH and -COOH groups remain in para position.

The directing effect of -OH and -COOH group act synergistically to react with three equivalent of bromine.

In para position of -OH group, -COOH remains attached along with a Br atom in a same carbon atom. During aromatization of benzene group, this -COOH group decomposes to give carbon dioxide.

Reaction scheme has been shown below.

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3H_{2}+N_{2}⇔2NH_{3}

Decreasing the temperature of the reaction,the reaction shifts forward.

The explanation is given below.

Explanation:

If the temperature of the reaction mixture is increased,then the equilibrium will shift to decrease the temperature.

If the temperature of the reaction mixture is decreased,then the equilibrium will shift to increase the temperature.

During the formation of the ammonia,it gives off heat.So it is an exothermic reaction.

3H_{2}+N_{2}⇔2NH_{3}

A decrease in the temperature favors the reaction that is exothermic (the forward reaction)because it produces energy.Therefore,if the temperature is decreased,the yield of the ammonia increases.

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Explanation:

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For the given equation:

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For the given options:

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If the concentration of water that is the reactant is increased, so according to the Le-Chatlier's principle, the equilibrium will shift in the direction where decrease of concentration of water  takes place. Therefore, the equilibrium will shift in the right direction towards the formation of hydrogen gas.

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As, this is an endothermic reaction, forward reaction will decrease the temperature. Hence, the equilibrium will shift in the right direction that is towards the formation of hydrogen gas.  

d) Increasing the volume  of reaction mixture

If the volume of the container is increased, the pressure will decrease according to Boyle's Law. Now, according to the Le-Chatlier's principle, the equilibrium will shift in the direction where increase in pressure is taking place. As the number of moles of gas molecules is greater at the product side. So, the equilibrium will shift in the right direction that is towards the formation of hydrogen gas.  

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Role of catalyst is to attain the equilibrium quickly without disturbing the state of equilibrium. Hence, addition of catalyst will not change the equilibrium of the reaction.  

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