<span>Great Britain, Africa, New England, Virginia, and North Central.</span>
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can say the following.
This new tunnel revolutionized transportation in Europe and overcome this physical barrier because the Swiss engineers built the world's deepest and longest tunnel in the world, increasing the effectivity of train freight transportation across Europe.
We are talking about the Gotthard base tunnel, in Switzerland. According to the article "Swiss create the world's longest tunnel," was so complex to build that engineers and workers lasted 20 years to complete. It is a tunnel for trains. It has 35 miles of longitude and crosses the Alpes mountains.
I believe the answer is: controlling ideas
Controlling ideas refers to influencing the general perception that held by other people. This action is most commonly done by monarchies in order to gain support from the citizens to do a certain action.
It also often used to subsequently send a message that government/nobles have higher status in that society that granted them more rights to influence their society.
As of 2009, Sunni Muslims constituted 87–90% of the world's Muslim population-
the Shia believe that leader is called an imam and this "caliph/imam" should be a direct descendant of Mohammed-
and I have no clue on the last one
