Which statement accurately describes the function of a hormone produced by the adrenal glands? A. Cortisol causes the heart rate
and blood pressure to rise. B. Aldosterone helps control metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. C. Norepinephrine regulates blood volume and pressure. D. Epinephrine widens the air passageways in the lungs.
<u>Answer</u>: OptionD Epinephrine widens the air passageways in the lungs.
<u>Explanation</u>:
Adrenal glands are endocrine glands which are located above the kidneys.
The adrenal glands produces hormones form the cortex as well as medulla.
The hormones produced from the cortex are mineralocorticoids , glucocorticoids and androgens.
The medulla produces adrenaline and nor adrenaline.
The functions of some of the hormones are as follows:
<em>Cortisol</em> is a glucorticoid which is released when blood glucose is low.
2.<em>Aldosterone</em> is a mineralocorticoid which is used for sodium conservation in the body.
3.<em>Nor</em> <em>epinephrine</em> is used in flight and fight responses causing arousal, alertness, anxiety etc.
4.<em>Epinephrine</em> is also involved in flight and fight responses it increases blood flow to muscles, dilates pupil , and relaxes the muscles and thus, also leads to widening of the air passageways in the lungs.
Thus, from the functions of all the above mentioned hormones it can be concluded that <em>epinephrine widens the air passageway of the lungs.</em>
A portal of entry<span> is the site through which micro-organisms enter the susceptible host and cause disease/infection. Infectious agents enter the body through various </span>portals<span>, including the mucous membranes, the skin, the respiratory and the gastrointestinal tracts.</span>