"<u>cell membrane </u>- the thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell. The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others.
<u>centrosome</u> - (also called the "microtubule organizing center") a small body located near the nucleus - it has a dense center and radiating tubules. The centrosomes is where microtubules are made. During cell division (mitosis), the centrosome divides and the two parts move to opposite sides of the dividing cell. The centriole is the dense center of the centrosome.
<u>cytoplasm</u> - the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located.
<u>Golgi body</u> - (also called the Golgi apparatus or golgi complex) a flattened, layered, sac-like organelle that looks like a stack of pancakes and is located near the nucleus. It produces the membranes that surround the lysosomes. The Golgi body packages proteins and carbohydrates into membrane-bound vesicles for "export" from the cell.
<u>lysosome</u> - (also called cell vesicles) round organelles surrounded by a membrane and containing digestive enzymes. This is where the digestion of cell nutrients takes place.
<u>mitochondrion</u> - spherical to rod-shaped organelles with a double membrane. The inner membrane is infolded many times, forming a series of projections (called cristae). The mitochondrion converts the energy stored in glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for the cell.
<u>nuclear membrane</u> - the membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
<u>nucleolus</u> - an organelle within the nucleus - it is where ribosomal RNA is produced. Some cells have more than one nucleolus.
<u>nucleus</u> - spherical body containing many organelles, including the nucleolus. The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis) and contains DNA (in chromosomes). The nucleus is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
<u>ribosome</u> - small organelles composed of RNA-rich cytoplasmic granules that are sites of protein synthesis.
<u>rough endoplasmic reticulum</u> - (rough ER) a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted sacks that are located in the cell's cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance.
<u>smooth endoplasmic reticulum</u> - (smooth ER) a vast system of interconnected, membranous, infolded and convoluted tubes that are located in the cell's cytoplasm (the ER is continuous with the outer nuclear membrane). The space within the ER is called the ER lumen. Smooth ER transports materials through the cell. It contains enzymes and produces and digests lipids (fats) and membrane proteins.
<u>vacuole</u> - fluid-filled, membrane-surrounded cavities inside a cell. The vacuole fills with food being digested and waste material that is on its way out of the cell." I quote from my science paper. It was exhausting! But I know all this so I added some extra.
Earth is made out of a lot of different materials inclluding silicon, iron, nickel, aluminum and other metals. Of course, it's atmosphere is made out of gases including nitrogen oxygen CO2 and Carbon monoxide.
Genes are segments of DNA which form chromosomes. Chromosomes are segments of DNA.
Look up photo of heart labeled, I would do it for you but I’m taking a test of my own right now
In general cells that need more energy, since mithocondria are responsible for making and processing ATP.
Common examples of cells with many mithocondria are muscle cells that are in current activity all the time, specially heart muscles and muslces in the respiratory system such as the diafragma since the heart beats all the time, non-stop, that is, unless you die of course and so do the muslces needed to breath.
Hope it helped,
BioTeacher101
