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iVinArrow [24]
3 years ago
9

PLEASE ANSWER QUICKLY GUYS I'M OFFERING 25PTS (Wayy more than what it's worth) AND BRAINLIEST ANSWER. IT'S ONLY 2 QUESTIONS. THA

NKS IN ADVANCE, I GREATLY APPRECIATE IT!

Biology
1 answer:
NemiM [27]3 years ago
8 0
Hello!

Question 1 

Enzyme A decreases the Activation Energy for the reaction (as seen in the graph) by bringing the substrates together in a lock and key model in which the substrate molecules have a geometric shape that fits into the active sites of the enzyme (This is seen in the figure). This stabilizes the intermediate state (called transition state), lowering its energy and thus catalyzing the reaction i.e. reducing the time needed to complete the reaction.

Question 2

When conditions around the enzyme change and affect the shape of the enzyme's active sites, it could decrease its enzymatic activity, reducing the reaction rates, because the mechanism for the catalysis by an enzyme relies on the geometrical fit between the substrate and the enzyme, and changing the shape of the active sites would reduce the ability to couple effectively. This is called Enzymatic inhibition.  

Have a nice day!
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1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).

2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).

Explanation:

In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.

<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT

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<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>

DNA                 CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT

Amino acids     Leu  Thr   Pro   <em>Val</em>   Glu   Lys   Ser

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