The cognitive stage that Cassandra is illustrating is the
Formal Operations stage, this focuses on having to use reasoning and logical
thinking in which the person made use of hypothetical or even theoretical in
which Cassandra uses as she thought of hypothetical arguments.
Answer:
The answer is a. conditioned response.
Explanation:
In classical conditioning, a <u>conditioned stimulus</u> (the parks) is associated with an unrelated consequence, called <u>unconditioned stimulus</u> (the incidences of violence). This produces a reaction known as conditioned response (the fear of parks).
It's important to recognise that any neutral stimulus can become conditioned. In this example, Jessica would probably be afraid of <u>banks</u> if she had heard about violent events in there.
The picture is to fuzzy. Maybe take a better picture with precise problem?