While hiking in South America, a member of your group becomes ill with fever and chills after passing through a swampy area. A r
esident of the area removes bark from a nearby tree and has the ill person chew on it, which has a beneficial effect. The effective ingredient was likely _______ from the _______ tree.
So, let us analyze this question one by one in order to get the answer correctly since we are not given options to make it easier for us. We will start from the symptoms that is the fever and chills and the few Health conditions relating to the symptoms are pneumonia, Flu, Hypothermia, Malaria and so on.
Then, the person has the symptoms after "passing through a swampy area" which narrows the health condition that it might probably be a mosquito bite leading to Malaria.
The Cinchona plant contains alkaloid such as quinine which can be extracted from the bark of the plant and this can be used for the treatment.
And this make a lot of sense since Quinine extraction was done in South America first.
The effective ingredient was likely quinine from the cinchona tree.
Explanation:
Quinine is obtained from the bark of the cinchona tree and it is used in the treatment of malaria. Malaria is transmitted to humans by several species of mosquitoes. In South America, Malaria is mostly transmitted in rain forest areas in northern countries. Therefore, in the situation we are studying here, the member who became ill might have been infected. The quinine present in the cinchona bark made him feel better.
Possibly the major geographic feature that served as a barrier to political unity in Greece were the mountains: the Greek cities were placed in valleys between the mountains.
A second feature would the the peninsulas and the islands: for example Crete is an island and this also helped in separating it from the other Greek towns.
