Answer:
Explanation:
Bacteriorhodopsin is one of the simplest protein from a family of a protein called opsin which is present in photosynthetic bacteria, algae and few fungi.
The bacterio-rhodopsin acts as an active light-gated proton pump which can pump the protons against their concentration gradient and then establishes concentration gradient across the membrane.
When the photosynthetic bacteria gets exposed to the light, bacteriorhodopsin pumps the proton from the cytosolic side to outside. This establishes electric motive force across the membrane which causes disequilibrium of protons.
The protons move back from the outside of the membrane to inside through H+ATPase which help allow the generation of ATP in the cell.
The answer is <span>the
current rate of extinction is between 100 & 1,000 times higher than
the historical background rate. Human activities have led to a huge
increase in the rate of extinctions, leading some scientists to say that
we are now in the sixth mass extinction. Hope it helps</span>
Ribosomes- Organelles that help in the synthesis of <span>proteins.</span>
Answer:
Let's start off with an example. Imagine a population of organisms—let's say, deer—with access to a fixed, constant amount of food. When the population is small, the limited amount of food will be plenty for everyone. But, when the population gets large enough, the limited amount of food may no longer be sufficient, leading to competition among the deer. Because of the competition, some deer may die of starvation or fail to have offspring, decreasing the per capita—per individual—growth rate and causing population size to plateau or shrink.
Explanation:
