The main function of the mitochondria is respiration in the cell. To produce energy from broken down organic molecules. (i.e. carbohydrates.)
In the periodic table, the atomic radius of the atoms decrease from left to right. This means that Carbon is smaller than Boron. So from the choices you can rule out the first and third choice.
Now, the reason why Carbon is smaller than Boron is because Boron has more protons and as the protons increase it attracts the electrons closer, which makes the atom smaller.
Carbon has more protons, so it exerts a greater pull. The answer is then Option 2: Boron has a larger radius and the protons in carbon exert a greater pull.
As for the second question, a compound is defined as a substance that is made up of two DIFFERENT elements that are chemically bonded. If you look at the second option, it is a compound. It is made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
The answer is then option 2.
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There are 3 types of RNA:
mRNA (Messenger RNA): This RNA is in charge to travel the genetic information from the nucleous to the ribosome, where it binds to it and give the genetic instructions for protein synthesis.
tRNA (Transfer RNA): This RNA is in charge of providing the correct amino acid to the ribosome during protein translation.
rRNA (Ribosomal RNA): This RNA are structural proteins of the ribosomes.
Directional selection, as one phenotype is greatly favored over another