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Aleksandr-060686 [28]
3 years ago
14

Why is PCI 5 an exception to the octet rule, while PCI3 is not? Please use at least ONE complete content related

Chemistry
1 answer:
Kitty [74]3 years ago
8 0
P has five electrons, three available to share. Since Cl has seven valence electrons, it can take on one more to accomplish an octet. In PCl3, P’s three valence electrons are evenly distributed among the three chlorine atoms. Whereas, in PCl5 there will be two electrons left over, which is why it is an exception to the octet rule.
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Some radioactive nuclides have very short half-lives, for example, I-31 has a half-life of approximately 8 days. Pu-234, by comp
lorasvet [3.4K]

Answer:

Here's what I find.

Explanation:

Iodine-131

Iodine-131 is both a beta emitter and a gamma emitter.

_{53}^{131}\text{I}\longrightarrow \, _{54}^{131}\text{Xe} +\, _{-1}^{0}\text{e} +\, _{0}^{0}\gamma

About 90 % of the energy is β-radiation and 10 % is γ-radiation. Both forms are highly energetic.

The main danger is from ingestion. The iodine concentrates in thyroid gland, where the β-radiation destroys cells up to 2 mm from the tissues that absorbed it.

Both the β- and γ-radiation cause cell mutations that can later become cancerous. Small doses, such as those absorbed from the nuclear disasters in the Ukraine and Japan, can cause cancers years after the original iodine has disappeared.

Plutonium-239

Plutonium-239 is an alpha emitter.

_{94}^{239}\text{U} \longrightarrow \, _{92}^{235}\text{Xe} + \, _{2}^{4}\text{He}

Alpha particles cannot penetrate the skin, so external exposure isn't much of a health risk.

However, they are extremely dangerous when they are inhaled and get inside cells. They travel first to the blood or lymph system and later to the bone marrow and liver, where they cause up to 1000 times more chromosomal damage than beta or gamma rays.

It takes about 20 years for plutonium to be eliminated from the liver around 50 years for from the skeleton, so it has a long time to cause damage.

6 0
3 years ago
Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL.
Finger [1]

Considering the definition of dilution, the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL is 0.93 mL.

<h3>What is diluion</h3>

First of all, you have to know that when it is desired to prepare a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one, it is called dilution.

Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of solute in solution, which is accomplished by simply adding more solvent to the solution at the same amount of solute.

In a dilution the amount of solute does not change, but as more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume (and weight) of the solution increases.

A dilution is mathematically expressed as:

Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf

where

  • Ci: initial concentration
  • Vi: initial volume
  • Cf: final concentration
  • Vf: final volume

<h3>Molarity of the solution in this case</h3>

In this case, you know:

  • Ci= 4 M
  • Vi= 7 mL
  • Cf= ?
  • Vf= 30 mL

Replacing in the definition of dilution:

4 M× 7 mL= Cf× 30 mL

Solving:

(4 M× 7 mL)÷ 30 mL= Cf

<u><em>Cf= 0.93 mL</em></u>

In summary, the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 7.0 mL of 4.0 M solution to a volume of 30 mL is 0.93 mL.

Learn more about dilution:

brainly.com/question/20113402

brainly.com/question/22762236

8 0
2 years ago
A pharmacist has calculated that a patient requires 30 mmol of phosphate and 80 meq of potassium to be added to the pn. how many
aalyn [17]

Since potassium and phosphate is what we are to find for and they are both found in the potassium phosphate solution, therefore we solve for this one first on the basis of the phosphate.

The formula for finding the volume given the concentration and number of moles is:

Volume = number of moles / concentration in Molarity

Volume potassium phosphate required = 30 mmol phosphate / (3 mmol / mL)

<u>Volume potassium phosphate required = 10 mL</u>

This would also contain potassium in amounts of:

Amount of potassium in potassium phosphate = 10 mL (4.4 meg / mL)

Amount of potassium in potassium phosphate = 44 meg

 

Therefore the potassium chloride required is:

Volume of potassium chloride = (80 meg – 44 meg) / (2 meg / mL)

<span><u>Volume of potassium chloride = 72 mL</u></span>

8 0
3 years ago
Write an expression for "7 less than y."
victus00 [196]

Answer:

y-7

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
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What volume (in L) of carbon dioxide will be produced from the reaction of 13.6 L of nitrogen monoxide?
VMariaS [17]

Answer: 13.6

Explanation:

7 0
3 years ago
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