Heat from the Earth's core and radiation from the Sun is transferred to the surface of the Earth by conduction. Contact of the atmosphere with these warm surfaces transfers thermal energy, which then heats up the rest of the air through convection.
The atmosphere is also slightly heated by absorption of electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. The warm land and water radiates infrared, some of which is absorbed by the atmosphere, adding to its thermal energy. The remaining heat on the surface is sent out into space in the form of infrared radiation.
Answer: The question is not complete, here is the completed part gotten from other website.
Mammals and turtles are more closely related than are lungfishes and sharks. Hagfishes, lungfishes, and frogs have lobed fins.
Lancelets and coelacanths are more closely related than are chimaeras and coelacanths.
Organism (a) is a common ancestor of all chordates.
Descendants of organism (d) have limbs with digits. birds and ray-finned fishes have a notochord and jaws.
rays and frogs have vertebrae. organism (c) is a common ancestor of lampreys and lungfishes?
The correct options are;
Mammals and turtles are more closely related than are lungfishes and sharks.
Descendants of organism (d) have legs.
Rays and frogs have a vertebral column.
-Birds and ray-finned fishes have a notochord and jaws
Explanation:
This is because phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram that entails different evolutionary relationships that occur between organisms or biological species having common decent or ancestors and showing similar and differences in their genetic characteristics or traits. It shows how species evolved from their ancestors.
Plasmid. These are circular DNA segments found in bacteria and can help them exchange DNA with each other.
The answer is B) cleavage. I just took the test. And also I had it in my notes. Hope this helps :)
