The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution addressed quite a few issues. The first being your personal rights. According to the 14th Amendment, to put it in simply terms, the government can't take away your basic rights and freedoms. You're protected equally as much as anyone else (which means no discrimination for any reason) and guarantees your citizenship in America (if you were born here).
There's also a few statements concerning the state and federal governments, but they basically just say there are some rights the state and federal government can't take away from you under certain circumstances.
I wouldn’t think so since they don’t believe in the Big Bang theory + evolution (Darwinism) - although there is countless amounts of evidence to support both.
Not only was Washington the first to take the office but he was also seen as a respected almost idolized figure so it was up to him to layout the footwork of how the office would be held.