Answer:
Due to newly formed land.
Explanation:
Surtsey provided ideal conditions for studying primary succession because due to volcanic eruption all the vegetation and living organisms are destroyed from the surface and the land has no vegetation. Primary succession only occurs when the land is colonized for the first time after the formation of land due to natural disaster such as volcanic eruption etc. So we can say that Surtsey provided the conditions for observing primary succession.
A baby's immune system is not fully developed until he/she is about six months-old. In the meantime, pregnant mothers pass immunoglobulin antibodies from their bloodstream, through the placenta, and to the fetus. These antibodies are an essential part of the fetus's immune system. They identify and bind to harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi that enter the body. This triggers other immune cells to destroy the foreign substance.
Lower esophageal sphincter! <span />
this answer is B. full landfill and another answer is Agricultural runoff (apex)
Imagine you are surveying a population of a mountain range where the inhabitants live in the valleys with no inhabitants on the large mountains between. If your sample area is the valleys, and you use this to estimate the population across the entire mountain range, <u>you overestimate the actual population size</u>
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Explanation:
- An estimate that turns out to be incorrect will be an overestimate if the estimate exceeded the actual result, and an underestimate if the estimate fell short of the actual result.
- The mean of the sampling distribution of a statistic is sometimes referred to as the expected value of the statistic. Therefore the sample mean is an unbiased estimate of μ.
- Any given sample mean may underestimate or overestimate μ, but there is no systematic tendency for sample means to either under or overestimate μ.
- Bias is the tendency of a statistic to overestimate or underestimate a parameter. Bias can seep into your results for a slew of reasons including sampling or measurement errors, or unrepresentative samples
