To push the regime of Saddam Hussein back within its borders in Iraq, after Hussein had sent troops to invade neighboring Kuwait.
Hussein's takeover of Kuwait occurred on August 2, 1990. That same day, his actions were denounced unanimously by the United Nations Security Council, demanding that Hussein's forces retreat from Kuwait. On August 6, the Security Council banned all trade with Iraq. On August 9, the United States sent forces to the Persian Gulf to begin a defense of Kuwait, called Operation Desert Shield. By November, the UN Security Council resolved to use force against Iraq unless they withdrew from Kuwait by January 1, 1991. Since that did not happen, Operation Desert Storm commenced on January 16, 1991. The international military effort of Desert Storm included forces from 32 nations was under the supreme command of General Norman Schwarzkopf of the United States.
Farming remained the the main economic activity. It moved west with settlement. Inventions, such as cotton gin, encouraged planters to grow even more crops.
When Governor Faubus ordered the Arkansas National Guard to surround Central High School to keep the nine students from entering the school, President Eisenhower ordered the 101st Airborne Division into Little Rock to insure the safety of the "Little Rock Nine" and that the rulings of the Supreme Court were upheld.
