The superficial change in a system which itself stays invariant is termed <u>First-order</u> while the basic change in the structure of a system is called a <u>second-order</u>.
<h3>What is a
change?</h3>
This refers to any consistent trend in the environment that affects a substantial part of the globe.
However, the First-order is used when for the superficial change in a system and the Second-order is used for the basic change in the structure of a system.
Therefore, the "First-order" and "Second-order" are the respective answers.
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The father of social learning theory is Albert Bandura.
Answer:
D. The Byzantine Empire recovered from the 1204 attack.
Explanation:
During the attack in 1204, part of Constantinople's capital city was destroyed by the Ottoman. But in the end, the Byzantine empire still managed to drive the ottoman out of important territories. That being said, Byzantine Empire still lost quite a few of their outer territories to the Ottoman.
The attack in 1453 on the other hand occurred after the Byzantine empire experienced the black plague that killed large portion of their population. This made their military became really week. In the end, the attack in 1453 marked the fall of Byzantine empire.
- Timbuktu, a trading city in central Mali, is still referred to as the most isolated remote location in the world.
- Timbuktu started as a summer encampment for nomadic tribes of the region.
- During World War II Timbuktu was used to house prisoners of war.
- Today Timbuktu is very, very poor.
- Both droughts and floods consistently threaten the city. Flooding happens because the city doesn’t have an adequate drainage system to keep rainwater from building up.
- The movement of salt from the mines in the middle of the Sahara desert through Timbuktu to the Niger River is what Timbuktu depends on for its survival.
- Rice is the predominant crop grown in the area.
- It is about 15 km north of the Niger River.
- In the 14th Century it became the commercial, religious and cultural center of the West African empires of Mali and Songhai.
- Timbuktu’s greatest contribution to Islam and world civilization was its scholarship. By the 14th Century important books were written and copied in Timbuktu.
