X-9=12
x-9+9=12+9
You need to add 9 to each side of the equation.
x=21
Notice y° and y° and 50°, are all three angles in a flat-line, namely "linear angles", and since a flat-line is always 180°.
3 x 2.5 = 7.5
7.5 x 1.05 = 7.8750
Note : remember to always line up the decimal points.
Hope this helps