Answer:
The correct answer is e. the passage of electrons from one energy-generating carrier to another
Explanation:
The electron transport chain is a series of proteins and organic molecules found in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Electrons pass from one member of the transport chain to the next in a series of redox reactions. The energy released in these reactions is captured as a proton gradient, which in turn is used to form ATP in a process called chemosmosis.
These transport molecules, in the inner mitochondrial membrane, are reduced and oxidized, accepting electrons and transferring them to the next molecule, electrons descending from high energy levels to lower ones, that is, from one energy-generating carrier to another. When lowering to other levels, energy is released that will be used in the synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation.
The fusion of two parents' genetic material is understood as sexual reproduction while asexual reproduction yields genetically similar offspring to the same parent.
<u>Asexual Reproduction:</u>
This way all the prokaryotes and other eukaryotes produce offspring. There are a variety of different asexual reproductive practices. These comprises of binary, fragmentation, and budding fission.
- The binary fission appears when a parent cell wants to split into 2 separate daughter cells of the same diameter. For an instance, protozoa reproduces in the same way.
- Fragmentation happens when a parent entity divides into small parts or fragments, and each segment grows into a recent organism. Starfish, that way replicate.
- Budding happens when a parent cell develops a bud close to a bubble. When growing and developing, the bud remains connected to the parent cell. This get detached from the parent cell when the bud is completely grown, and becomes a new entity. It is common in hydra and yeast.
<u>Sexual Reproduction:</u>
- A reproductive process which comprises haploid female gamete fusion, i.e. egg cell and haploid male gamete i.e. sperm cell.
- That implies they only include half the number of chromosomes contained in other species cells. A form of cell division named meiosis creates gametes.
- These gametes are fused at fertilization which results in the production of a diploid zygote having the chromosome double of gametes.
This question would be better placed under the Chemestry section
