The <em>Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)</em> is a series of networking procedures or protocols contained in layers, precisely seven 7 layers. It ensures that standard protocols are used by different systems to communicate. The OSI model comprises of seven abstract layers, they are:
7. Application Layer
6. Presentation Layer
5. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
3. Network Layer
2. Datalink Layer
1. Physical Layer
Every layer uniquely carries out a specific function and communicates with the layers below and above it. When a user receives data, the flow on the OSI model is from Layer 1 to Layer 7, but if the user is transmitting data, the flow is from Layer 7 to Layer 1.
<em>The transport layer</em> ensures that end-to-end communication is carried out efficiently. It is also responsible for error control and flow control. During data transmission, data is collected from the session layer and broken down into segments, these segments are now sent to the Network layer. While when data is received, the transportation layer reassembles the broken down segments into data and sends it to the session layer.
Explanation: Layer 4, is the transport layer of the Open System Interconnection (OSI), that handles message transfer of data between end systems or hosts and ensures complete packets transfer.
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Difference between laptops and desktop computer are:
Desktop computers contain wide variety of components, but laptops are realtively expensive than desktop computers because laptop has high speed and better graphics designs which increased the cost of whole system.
Desktop computer processors are larger in size and it is more efficient and powerful as compared to laptops because laptop processor still has some limitations.
Laptop uses less power as compared to desktop computer because laptop contain small components and that is why it needs less power.
Desktop computers are easy to upgrade and in laptops hard drive and memory, these two components needs to be upgraded.