a
Explanation:
the students who has been thinking about it
Ataturk supported secularism (the separation of religion and the state organisation) in Turkey and sought to make Turkey more western for example by adopting Roman script.
The correct answer is 4).
The reason why 3) is incorrect is that Turkey was not a communist country before Ataturk's time - it was a monarchy (the Ottoman empire)
This is an example of people changing their environment, of influencing it, and in a way of interacting with it: the environment shapes us humans, too.
In geography, this falls under the theme of human-environment interaction.
