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Dvinal [7]
3 years ago
7

Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have small genomes?

Biology
1 answer:
ladessa [460]3 years ago
4 0

The mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells are descendant from bacteria. Ancient eukaryotic cells ingested these bacteria and they became part of the larger cell structure. Mitochondria and chloroplasts work symbiotically with the cell to provide it with energy. Because these mitochondria and chloroplasts used to be separate bacteria living on their own, they had their own small circular DNA like all bacteria do. When they became part of the eukaryotic cell they retained this DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts also reproduce similar to bacteria and replicate their DNA the same way. In this way, all mitochondria and chloroplasts in the organism contain the same circular small genome, just like all nuclei in the organism contain the same spiral DNA.

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Wheat has flowers similar to those in Fig. 5.1, but reproduces by self-pollination. Explain the consequences of self-pollination
Salsk061 [2.6K]

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The transfer of mature pollen grain from anther of the flower to the stigma of the same flower of the same [species  is called self pollination.

Generally, the transfer of pollen grains by wind,animals,and water  to stigmas is called pollination. It is a means of vegetative propagation which ensures reproduction.

Therefore during self pollination, the same genes are distributed  from one generation to another. Thus genetic purity is ensured. It also ensured reproductive success. because there is little chance of the pollen grain getting lost in transit. It is also certain  a particular plant would always breed true.

Additionally it prevent  the process of transfer of genes in some transgenic crops( rice, maize) where through genetic engineering some genes are introduced in their genome.

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4 0
3 years ago
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saveliy_v [14]
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2) Colonial organisms have greater safety due to their large numbers; however, unlike individual organisms, they are unable to sustain themselves with a smaller number of resources and migrating from one area to another is also more difficult for them.

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~

6 0
3 years ago
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b

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