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Maurinko [17]
3 years ago
14

How do small intestinal epithelial and root hair cells function in nutrient procurement?

Biology
1 answer:
Usimov [2.4K]3 years ago
8 0
<span>Villi are hair-like structures covered with epithelial cells measuring 1.5 mm that line the mucous inner membrane of the small intestine. The epithelial cells of the villi contain microvilli and are responsible for the absorption of nutrients. Being so small and numerous, they effectively increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine. When the surface area increases, this is the time they absorb the nutrients. As for plants' root hair cells, they receive nutrients through osmosis. Root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. The absorbed water and minerals are transported through the roots to the rest of the plant where it is used for different purposes: It is a reactant used in photosynthesis. As we can see, both of them utilize increasing their surface area.</span>
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erik [133]
Tertiary Structure<span> - refers to the comprehensive 3-D structure of the polypeptide chain of a </span>protein<span>. There are several types of bonds and forces that hold a protein in its tertiary structure. </span>Hydrophobic interactions<span> greatly contribute to the folding and shaping of a protein. The "R" group of the amino acid is either hydrophobic or hydrophilic. The amino acids with hydrophilic "R" groups will seek contact with their aqueous environment, while amino acids with hydrophobic "R" groups will seek to avoid water and position themselves towards the center of the protein. </span>Hydrogen bonding<span> in the polypeptide chain and between amino acid "R" groups helps to stabilize protein structure by holding the protein in the shape established by the hydrophobic interactions. Due to protein folding, </span>ionic bonding<span> can occur between the positively and negatively charged "R" groups that come in close contact with one another. Folding can also result in covalent bonding between the "R" groups of cysteine amino acids. This type of bonding forms what is called a </span>disulfide bridge<span>. </span>Primary Structure - describes the unique order in which amino acids are linked together to form a protein. Proteins are constructed from a set of 20 amino acids. <span>All amino acids have the alpha carbon bonded to a hydrogen atom, carboxyl group, and amino group. The </span>"R" group<span> varies among </span>amino acids<span> and determines the differences between these protein monomers. The amino acid sequence of a protein is determined by the information found in the cellular</span>genetic code<span>. The order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain is unique and specific to a particular protein. Altering a single amino acid causes a </span>gene mutation, which most often results in a non-functioning protein.
<span>Secondary Structure - refers to the coiling or folding of a polypeptide chain that gives the protein its 3-D shape. There are two types of secondary structures observed in proteins. One type is the alpha (α) helix structure. This structure resembles a coiled spring and is secured by hydrogen bonding in the polypeptide chain. The second type of secondary structure in proteins is the beta (β) pleated sheet. This structure appears to be folded or pleated and is held together by hydrogen bonding between polypeptide units of the folded chain that lie adjacent to one another.
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I hope this helped you find the answer you were looking for!

</span>
3 0
3 years ago
What is the name of the region at which reactants bind to an enyzme during a biochemical reaction
pav-90 [236]
The name of the locatuon is called an active site.
6 0
3 years ago
Find the interior angles of the triangle. Which kind of angle pair is angle A and the angle marked 70°? What is the measurement
BlackZzzverrR [31]

Answer: first one is alternate interior angles

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8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the biological impact of minimum catch sizes on a population of fish? a. The population comes to be dominated by smaller
Levart [38]

Answer: The population comes to be dominated by smaller, slower-growing individuals

Explanation:

The minimum catch size simply refers to the shortest allowed length that is required for a caught fish. It should be noted that the minimum catch ensures sustainability with regards to the use of fish stocks and also helps in the promotion of the recovery of some fish.

Lastly, a biological impact of minimum catch sizes on a population of fish is that population comes to be dominated by smaller, slower-growing individuals.

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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